Stagehand is the SDK for browser agents.
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Stagehand Python SDK

What is Stagehand?

Stagehand is the SDK for browser agents. Playwright was built for testing, Stagehand is built for agents. Use familiar APIs, self-healing actions, and network-level security across TypeScript, Python, and Go.

Why Stagehand?

Stagehand gives browser agents an interface built for how they actually work. It combines familiar Playwright-style APIs with self-healing actions, agent-optimized page context, and native support for complex DOM structures like out-of-process iframes and closed Shadow DOMs.

Agents use fewer tokens, recover when websites change, and complete tasks more reliably. With a complete browser driver across TypeScript, Python, and Go, Stagehand delivers the flexibility of AI without sacrificing the speed, control, determinism, reliability, and observability required in production.

For the full overview, examples, and contributing guide, see the main README.

Example

The async Python SDK for Stagehand browser automation:

import asyncio
import os

from pydantic import BaseModel

from stagehand import Stagehand, browserbase, local_browser


class PullRequest(BaseModel):
    author: str
    title: str


async def main() -> None:
    browser = await local_browser.launch(headless=True)
    try:
        stagehand = await Stagehand.create(
            browser=browser,
            model="openai/gpt-5.4-mini",
            model_api_key=os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"],
        )
        try:
            page = (await browser.context.pages())[0]
            await page.goto("https://github.com/browserbase")

            # act() executes individual actions
            await stagehand.act("click on the stagehand repo")

            # observe() reports what is actionable on the page
            observed = await stagehand.observe("find the latest PR")

            # Locators give deterministic, Playwright-style actions
            await page.locator(observed.data[0].selector).click()

            # extract() returns structured data validated by a pydantic model
            result = await stagehand.extract(
                "extract the author and title of the PR",
                PullRequest,
            )
            print(result.data.author, result.data.title)
        finally:
            await stagehand.close()
    finally:
        await browser.close()


asyncio.run(main())

See examples for action, extraction, observation, and custom LLM usage.

For hosted browsers, import browserbase from stagehand and use browserbase.launch(api_key=...) or browserbase.connect(api_key=..., session_id=...) instead of local_browser. A launched session is released when you close() the browser handle, except with keep_alive=True: that handle's close() only disconnects, and the session keeps running until it is released out of band (Browserbase dashboard or API) or reaches its configured timeout. The Stagehand extension that launch() uploaded for that session is retained on the account for the same reason, so a keep_alive=True workflow that launches repeatedly accumulates extensions until they are deleted out of band. Sessions reached through browserbase.connect() are never released by close() — whoever created the session owns it.

The same browserbase facade exposes Browserbase Search and Fetch without launching a browser:

import asyncio
import os

from stagehand import browserbase


async def search_and_fetch() -> None:
    results = await browserbase.search(
        api_key=os.environ["BROWSERBASE_API_KEY"],
        query="browser agent frameworks",
        num_results=5,
    )
    fetched = await browserbase.fetch(
        api_key=os.environ["BROWSERBASE_API_KEY"],
        url=results.results[0].url,
        format="markdown",
    )
    print(fetched.content)


asyncio.run(search_and_fetch())

Stagehand.act(), Stagehand.observe(), and Stagehand.extract() use the active page by default. Pass page=page to target a specific SDK Page.

Page.goto(), reload(), go_back(), and go_forward() return the main-document Response, or None when navigation does not produce one. Response bodies and complete headers are retrieved lazily while the Stagehand session remains open.

When contributing examples or tests, keep browser ownership explicit: launch or connect a browser handle, pass it to Stagehand.create(), close Stagehand first, and close the browser in the outermost finally block.

Contributing

# Install uv
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh

# Install just
brew install just

just install
just generate
just check
just test
just build